[Aug 04, 2024] Get New CDPSE Practice Test Questions Answers
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NEW QUESTION # 91
A global financial institution is implementing data masking technology to protect personal data used for testing purposes in non-production environments. Which of the following is the GREATEST challenge in this situation?
- A. Access to personal data is not strictly controlled in development and testing environments.
- B. Complex relationships within and across systems must be retained for testing.
- C. Data masking tools are complex and difficult to implement.
- D. Personal data across the various interconnected systems cannot be easily identified.
Answer: B
Explanation:
Explanation
Data masking is the process of hiding original data with modified content to protect sensitive data from unauthorized access or disclosure. Data masking is often used for testing purposes in non-production environments, where personal data is not needed or allowed. However, data masking can pose several challenges, especially for a global financial institution that has multiple interconnected systems and applications. One of the greatest challenges is to preserve the complex relationships within and across systems while masking the data. This means that the masked data must maintain the same format, referential integrity, semantic integrity, and uniqueness as the original data, so that the testing results are valid and reliable. For example, if a customer's name is masked in one system, it must be masked consistently in all other systems that reference it. If a transaction amount is masked in one system, it must not violate any business rules or constraints in another system. If a credit card number is masked in one system, it must still be a valid credit card number in another system. Preserving these complex relationships can be challenging because it requires a thorough understanding of the data model, the business logic, and the dependencies among systems. It also requires a robust and flexible data masking tool that can handle different types of data and platforms.
NEW QUESTION # 92
Which of the following zones within a data lake requires sensitive data to be encrypted or tokenized?
- A. Raw zone
- B. Clean zone
- C. Temporal zone
- D. Trusted zone
Answer: A
Explanation:
Explanation
A raw zone is a zone within a data lake that contains unprocessed or unstructured data that is ingested from various sources without any transformation or validation. A raw zone may contain sensitive data that has not been identified or classified yet, such as personal data. Therefore, sensitive data in a raw zone should be encrypted or tokenized to protect its confidentiality and integrity. Encryption is a process of transforming data into an unreadable form using a secret key or algorithm. Tokenization is a process of replacing sensitive data with non-sensitive substitutes called tokens. Both encryption and tokenization help to prevent unauthorized or unlawful access, use, disclosure, or transfer of sensitive data in a raw zone. References: : CDPSE Review Manual (Digital Version), page 169
NEW QUESTION # 93
When evaluating cloud-based services for backup, which of the following is MOST important to consider from a privacy regulation standpoint?
- A. Data residing in another country
- B. Volume of data stored
- C. Privacy training for backup users
- D. Data classification labeling
Answer: D
NEW QUESTION # 94
Which of the following is the BEST way for an organization to limit potential data exposure when implementing a new application?
- A. Encrypt all data used by the application.
- B. Implement a data loss prevention (DLP) system.
- C. Use only the data required by the application.
- D. Capture the application's authentication logs.
Answer: B
NEW QUESTION # 95
Which of the following is a PRIMARY objective of performing a privacy impact assessment (PIA) prior to onboarding a new Software as a Service (SaaS) provider for a customer relationship management (CRM) system?
- A. To identify controls to mitigate data privacy risks
- B. To classify personal data according to the data classification scheme
- C. To assess the risk associated with personal data usage
- D. To determine the service provider's ability to maintain data protection controls
Answer: D
NEW QUESTION # 96
An organization is concerned with authorized individuals accessing sensitive personal customer information to use for unauthorized purposes. Which of the following technologies is the BEST choice to mitigate this risk?
- A. User behavior analytics
- B. Intrusion monitoring
- C. Mobile device management (MDM)
- D. Email filtering system
Answer: B
NEW QUESTION # 97
To ensure the protection of personal data, privacy policies should mandate that access to information system applications be authorized by the.
- A. general counsel.
- B. chief information officer (CIO)
- C. database administrator.
- D. business application owner
Answer: D
Explanation:
Explanation
To ensure the protection of personal data, privacy policies should mandate that access to information system applications be authorized by the business application owner, because they are the ones who are responsible for defining the business requirements, functions, and objectives of the applications. The business application owner can also determine the appropriate level of access for different users or groups based on their roles, responsibilities, and needs. The business application owner can also monitor and review the access control policies and procedures to ensure that they are effective and compliant with the privacy regulations and standards.
References:
* Access Control Policy and Implementation Guides, CSRC
* What is Authorization and Access Control?, ICANN
NEW QUESTION # 98
Which of the following is BEST used to validate compliance with agreed-upon service levels established with a third party that processes personal data?
- A. Key risk indicators (KRIs)
- B. Industry benchmarks
- C. Contractual right to audit
- D. Key performance indicators (KPIS)
Answer: C
Explanation:
Explanation
The best way to validate compliance with agreed-upon service levels established with a third party that processes personal data is to have a contractual right to audit, which means that the organization can conduct audits or inspections of the third party's privacy practices, policies, and procedures to verify that they meet the contractual obligations and expectations. A contractual right to audit can also help identify and address any privacy risks or gaps that may arise from the third party's processing of personal data12.
References:
* CDPSE Exam Content Outline, Domain 1 - Privacy Governance (Governance, Management & Risk Management), Task 7: Participate in the management and evaluation of contracts, service levels and practices of vendors and other external parties3.
* CDPSE Review Manual, Chapter 1 - Privacy Governance, Section 1.4 - Third-Party Management4.
NEW QUESTION # 99
Which of the following MUST be available to facilitate a robust data breach management response?
- A. Lessons learned from prior data breach responses
- B. An inventory of affected individuals and systems
- C. An inventory of previously impacted individuals
- D. Best practices to obfuscate data for processing and storage
Answer: B
NEW QUESTION # 100
Which of the following needs to be identified FIRST to define the privacy requirements to use when assessing the selection of IT systems?
Type of data being processed
- A. Applicable control frameworks
- B. Applicable privacy legislation
- C. Available technology platforms
Answer: A
Explanation:
Explanation
The applicable privacy legislation needs to be identified first to define the privacy requirements to use when assessing the selection of IT systems, because it sets the legal obligations and standards for the organization to comply with when processing personal data. The type of data, the control frameworks, and the technology platforms are all dependent on the privacy legislation that applies to the organization and its data processing activities. Therefore, the privacy legislation is the primary source of privacy requirements for IT systems.
References:
CDPSE Review Manual, 2023 Edition, Domain 2: Privacy Architecture, Section 2.1.2: Privacy Requirements, p. 75 Compliance with Cybersecurity and Privacy Laws and Regulations1
NEW QUESTION # 101
Which of the following helps define data retention time is a stream-fed data lake that includes personal data?
- A. Data lake configuration
- B. Information security assessments
- C. Privacy impact assessments (PIAs)
- D. Data privacy standards
Answer: C
Explanation:
Explanation
A privacy impact assessment (PIA) is a systematic process of identifying and evaluating the potential privacy risks and impacts of a data processing activity or system. A PIA helps to ensure that privacy is considered and integrated into the design and development of data processing activities or systems, and that privacy risks are mitigated or eliminated. A PIA also helps to determine the appropriate retention periods for personal data based on the purpose and necessity of the data processing, as well as the legal and regulatory obligations that apply to the data. Therefore, a PIA helps to define data retention time in a stream-fed data lake that includes personal data. References: : CDPSE Review Manual (Digital Version), page 99
NEW QUESTION # 102
Which of the following is the MOST important attribute of a privacy policy?
* Breach notification period
- A. Language localization
- B. Transparency
- C. Data retention period
Answer: A
Explanation:
Explanation
Transparency is the most important attribute of a privacy policy because it informs the users about how their personal data is collected, used, shared, and protected by the organization. Transparency also helps to build trust and confidence with the users, and to comply with legal and ethical obligations regarding data privacy.
References:
* ISACA Certified Data Privacy Solutions Engineer Study Guide, Domain 2: Privacy Governance, Task
2.1: Develop and implement privacy policies and procedures, p. 49-50.
* What is a Privacy Policy? | Privacy Policies
NEW QUESTION # 103
Which of the following BEST mitigates the privacy risk associated with setting cookies on a website?
- A. Ensuring nonrepudiation
- B. Obtaining user consent
- C. Implementing impersonation
- D. Applying data masking
Answer: B
Explanation:
Explanation
Obtaining user consent is the best way to mitigate the privacy risk associated with setting cookies on a website. This means that the website should inform the users about the purpose, type, and duration of the cookies, and ask for their permission before storing or accessing any cookies on their browsers. This way, the users can exercise their right to control their personal data and opt-in or opt-out of cookies as they wish.
According to the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR), consent must be freely given, specific, informed, and unambiguous. The website should provide clear and easy-to-understand information about the cookies and their implications for the users' privacy, and offer a simple and effective way for the users to indicate their consent or refusal. The website should also respect the users' choice and allow them to withdraw their consent at any time.
Implementing impersonation, ensuring nonrepudiation, and applying data masking are not relevant or effective methods to mitigate the privacy risk associated with setting cookies on a website. Impersonation means accessing or using data on behalf of another user, which could violate their privacy and security.
Nonrepudiation means providing proof of the origin, authenticity, and integrity of data, which does not address the issue of user consent or preference. Data masking means hiding or replacing sensitive data with fake or modified data, which does not prevent the storage or access of cookies on the user's browser.
NEW QUESTION # 104
Which of the following is the MOST important action to protect a mobile banking app and its data against manipulation and disclosure?
- A. Provide the app only through official app stores
- B. Define the mobile app privacy policy.
- C. Conduct penetration testing
- D. Implement application hardening measures.
Answer: D
Explanation:
Explanation
Application hardening measures are the most important action to protect a mobile banking app and its data against manipulation and disclosure because they prevent attackers from reverse engineering, tampering, or injecting malicious code into the app. Application hardening measures include techniques such as code obfuscation, encryption, integrity checks, anti-debugging, and anti-tampering mechanisms. These measures make the app more resilient and secure against various types of cyberattacks.
References:
* ISACA Certified Data Privacy Solutions Engineer Study Guide, Domain 3: Privacy Engineering, Task
3.4: Implement privacy engineering techniques to protect data in applications and systems, p. 104-105.
* What is Application Hardening? | Glossary | Digital.ai
NEW QUESTION # 105
Which of the following BEST enables an IT privacy practitioner to ensure appropriate protection for personal data collected that is required to provide necessary services?
- A. Anonymizing privacy data during collection and recording
- B. Understanding the data flows within the organization
- C. Encrypting the data throughout its life cycle
- D. Implementing strong access controls on a need-to-know basis
Answer: B
NEW QUESTION # 106
An organization is developing a wellness smartwatch application and is considering what information should be collected from the application users. Which of the following is the MOST legitimate information to collect for business reasons in this situation?
- A. Education and profession
- B. Race, age, and gender
- C. Sleep schedule and calorie intake
- D. Height, weight, and activities
Answer: D
Explanation:
Explanation
Height, weight, and activities are the most legitimate information to collect for business reasons in this situation, as they are directly related to the purpose and functionality of a wellness smartwatch application that aims to monitor and improve the health and fitness of its users. Collecting height, weight, and activities would also comply with the data minimization principle that requires limiting the collection, storage and processing of personal data to what is necessary and relevant for the intended purposes. The other options are not legitimate information to collect for business reasons in this situation, as they are not related to the purpose and functionality of a wellness smartwatch application and may violate the privacy rights and preferences of its users. Collecting sleep schedule and calorie intake may be useful for some users who want to track their sleep quality and nutrition intake, but they are not essential for a wellness smartwatch application and may require additional consent or justification from the users. Collecting education and profession may be irrelevant for a wellness smartwatch application and may be used for other purposes, such as marketing or profiling, without the consent or knowledge of the users. Collecting race, age, and gender may be sensitive for some users who do not want to disclose their personal characteristics or identity, and may require additional safeguards or measures to protect their privacy1, p. 75-76 References: 1: CDPSE Review Manual (Digital Version)
NEW QUESTION # 107
A global organization is planning to implement a customer relationship management (CRM) system to be used in offices based in multiple countries. Which of the following is the MOST important data protection consideration for this project?
- A. Encryption algorithms for securing customer personal data at rest and in transit
- B. Industry best practice related to information security standards in each relevant jurisdiction
- C. Identity and access management mechanisms to restrict access based on need to know
- D. National data privacy legislative and regulatory requirements in each relevant jurisdiction
Answer: C
NEW QUESTION # 108
Which of the following should be considered personal information?
- A. Age
- B. Company address
- C. University affiliation
- D. Biometric records
Answer: D
NEW QUESTION # 109
A multinational corporation is planning a big data initiative to help with critical business decisions. Which of the following is the BEST way to ensure personal data usage is standardized across the entire organization?
- A. De-identify all data.
- B. Develop a data dictionary.
- C. Perform data discovery.
- D. Encrypt all sensitive data.
Answer: C
NEW QUESTION # 110
Which of the following is the BEST practice to protect data privacy when disposing removable backup media?
- A. Data masking
- B. Data encryption
- C. Data sanitization
- D. Data scrambling
Answer: C
Explanation:
Explanation
The best practice to protect data privacy when disposing removable backup media is B. Data sanitization.
A comprehensive explanation is:
Data sanitization is the process of permanently and irreversibly erasing or destroying the data on a storage device or media, such as a hard drive, a USB drive, a CD/DVD, etc. Data sanitization ensures that the data cannot be recovered or reconstructed by any means, even by using specialized software or hardware tools.
Data sanitization is also known as data wiping, data erasure, data destruction, or data disposal.
Data sanitization is the best practice to protect data privacy when disposing removable backup media because it prevents unauthorized access, disclosure, theft, or misuse of the sensitive or confidential data that may be stored on the media. Data sanitization also helps to comply with the legal and regulatory requirements and standards for data protection and privacy, such as the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR), the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA), the Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard (PCI DSS), etc.
There are different methods and techniques for data sanitization, depending on the type and format of the storage device or media. Some of the common methods are:
* Overwriting: Overwriting replaces the existing data on the device or media with random or meaningless data, such as zeros, ones, or patterns. Overwriting can be done multiple times to increase the level of security and assurance. Overwriting is suitable for magnetic media, such as hard disk drives (HDDs) or tapes.
* Degaussing: Degaussing exposes the device or media to a strong magnetic field that disrupts and destroys the magnetic structure and alignment of the data. Degaussing renders the device or media unusable and unreadable. Degaussing is suitable for magnetic media, such as hard disk drives (HDDs) or tapes.
* Physical Destruction: Physical destruction involves applying physical force or damage to the device or media that breaks it into small pieces or shreds it. Physical destruction can be done by using mechanical tools, such as shredders, crushers, drills, hammers, etc., or by using thermal methods, such as incineration, melting, etc. Physical destruction is suitable for any type of media, such as hard disk drives (HDDs), solid state drives (SSDs), USB drives, CDs/DVDs, etc.
Data encryption (A) is not a good practice to protect data privacy when disposing removable backup media because it does not erase or destroy the data on the media. Data encryption only transforms the data into an unreadable format that can only be accessed with a key or a password. However, if the key or password is lost, stolen, compromised, or guessed by an attacker, the data can still be decrypted and exposed. Data encryption is more suitable for protecting data in transit or at rest, but not for disposing data.
Data scrambling is not a good practice to protect data privacy when disposing removable backup media because it does not erase or destroy the data on the media. Data scrambling only rearranges the order of the bits or bytes of the data to make it appear random or meaningless. However, if the algorithm or pattern of scrambling is known or discovered by an attacker, the data can still be unscrambled and restored. Data scrambling is more suitable for obfuscating data for testing or debugging purposes, but not for disposing data.
Data masking (D) is not a good practice to protect data privacy when disposing removable backup media because it does not erase or destroy the data on the media. Data masking only replaces some parts of the data with fictitious or anonymized values to hide its true identity or meaning. However, if the original data is still stored somewhere else or if the masking technique is weak or reversible by an attacker, the data can still be unmasked and revealed. Data masking is more suitable for protecting data in use or in analysis, but not for disposing data.
References:
* What Is Data Sanitization?1
* How to securely erase hard drives (HDDs) and solid state drives (SSDs)2
* Secure Data Disposal & Destruction: 6 Methods to Follow3
NEW QUESTION # 111
When a government's health division established the complete privacy regulation for only the health market, which privacy protection reference model is being used?
- A. Sectoral
- B. Self-regulatory
- C. Co-regulatory
- D. Comprehensive
Answer: A
Explanation:
Explanation
Sectoral is a privacy protection reference model that refers to a system of laws and regulations that apply to specific sectors or industries within a jurisdiction, such as health, finance, education or telecommunications.
Sectoral privacy protection is typically characterized by having different rules and standards for different types of personal data or data processing activities, depending on the sensitivity and value of the data or the impact and risk of the processing. When a government's health division established the complete privacy regulation for only the health market, it is using a sectoral privacy protection reference model, as it is addressing the specific needs and challenges of the health sector in terms of privacy protection. The other options are not applicable in this scenario. Co-regulatory is a privacy protection reference model that refers to a system of laws and regulations that are supplemented by self-regulation mechanisms, such as codes of conduct, standards or certification schemes, developed by industry associations or professional bodies with oversight from government agencies or regulators. Comprehensive is a privacy protection reference model that refers to a system of laws and regulations that apply to all sectors and industries within a jurisdiction, regardless of the type or nature of personal data or data processing activities. Self-regulatory is a privacy protection reference model that refers to a system of laws and regulations that rely on voluntary compliance by organizations with their own policies and procedures, without any external oversight or enforcement from government agencies or regulators1, p. 63-64 References: 1: CDPSE Review Manual (Digital Version)
NEW QUESTION # 112
Which of the following is the PRIMARY reason to complete a privacy impact assessment (PIA)?
- A. To classify personal data
- B. To comply with consumer regulatory requirements
- C. To establish privacy breach response procedures
- D. To understand privacy risks
Answer: D
Explanation:
Explanation
The primary reason to complete a privacy impact assessment (PIA) is to understand privacy risks associated with the collection, use, disclosure or retention of personal data. A PIA is a systematic process to identify and evaluate the potential privacy impacts of a system, project, program or initiative that involves personal data processing activities. A PIA helps to ensure that privacy risks are identified and mitigated before the implementation is executed. A PIA also helps to ensure compliance with privacy principles, laws and regulations, and alignment with customer expectations and preferences. The other options are not primary reasons to complete a PIA. To comply with consumer regulatory requirements may be a reason to complete a PIA, but it is not the primary reason, as consumer regulatory requirements may vary depending on the context and jurisdiction. To establish privacy breach response procedures may be an outcome of completing a PIA, but it is not the primary reason, as privacy breach response procedures are only one aspect of mitigating privacy risks. To classify personal data may be an activity that is part of completing a PIA, but it is not the primary reason, as personal data classification is only one aspect of understanding privacy risks1, p. 67 References: 1:
CDPSE Review Manual (Digital Version)
NEW QUESTION # 113
Which of the following is the MOST important consideration when determining retention periods for personal data?
- A. Notice provided to customers during data collection
- B. Sectoral best practices for the industry
- C. Storage capacity available for retained data
- D. Data classification standards
Answer: B
NEW QUESTION # 114
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